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Sunburn![]() It is a common condition and usually occurs as a result of over exposure to sun. sunburn is really hurting. Causes of SunburnSunburns mainly occurs, when in an individual the exposure to ultraviolet light is much more than the protective capacity of an individual’s melanin Melanin is a pigment which imports brown colour to the human skin. It is present in cells known as Melanocytes or pigment cells. As the quantity of Melanin present in dark-skinned people is more than that is lighter skinned people, hence the chances of sunburn are more in dark skinned people than that of light skinned or fair skinned individuals. Normally, in the Earth’s atomosphere, Ozone is present which filters the ultraviolet rays. But some of the ultraviolet rays that remain, are capable of causing Sunburn even in less them fifteen minutes. The ultraviolet rays are also thought to be the causative agent of skin cancer. Symptoms of SunburnThe symptoms of Sunburn are not immediately seen. After the skin get burnt, it changes it colour, that is it turns and within 2 to 6 hours. Later on, the pain starts and it is worsened within 6 to 48 hours. The burning sensation continuous to develop for 24 to 72 hours after the exposure to ultraviolet light. Then 3 to 8 days after the burn, skin peeling starts. Therefore, the common symptoms of sunburn are pain, oedema or swelling, redness tenderness, peeling skin, rashes, nausea and fever. Minor Sunburns are not that serious, in that case just redness and tenderness of the affected area in seen. Normally the sunburns may be either first degree burn or second degree burns. In cases of more severe burns; blister formation may occur. Severe burns may be too much painful and may require hospitalization. Sometimes the sunburn may also lead to skin cancer that is it doubles the risk of malignant melanoma. It is because, ultraviolet light causes DNA damage which finally leads to cell death. The dead cell releases toxins which causes nausea and fever and if many cells die, peeling may result and finally increased incidence of malignant tumours. Risk factors of SunburnThe risk of developing sunburn is increased by the use of some pharmaceutical products. It is because such products can sensitive a person and thus taking them to ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, the drugs like antibiotics, contraceptives and tranquilizers shows this effect. In the western world, some people love to have suntans. This leads to increased incidences of sunburns in them. Instead, in a right way, the suntan actually develops as a natural protective mechanism but it’s severity may lead to complications. In solarium popularity incidences of Sunburn are more seen because those individuals attempt to tan. Moreover, the areas in which the ozone layer is damaged, especially in the southern hemisphere has led to high levels of ultraviolet light and thus the incidence and severity of sunburn are increased. Sunburn RemediesIn order to get relief from sunburn person should take a cool bath, not ice cold but cool. He/she should not use bath salts, oil or bubble bath. Sunburn affected person should not scrub his skin or shave his skin. Use of a soft towel should be done. Person can use a light moisturgizer or a dusting powder. Sunburn sufferers can also use a sunburn remedy containing aloe vera. People are advised to wear long sleeved garments and use of a umbrella when walking in the sun. kids should be educated/informed to stay out of the sun and avoid Sunburn. Sunburn sufferers should use cool compresses of equal parts of milk and water. The symptoms of milder sunburn can be treated with calamine lotion. Regular white vinegar and apple cider vinegar have been used in treating sunburns. Application of lavender oil, tea (cooled), yogurt, or cucumber to the burnt skin is also of good help in its treatment Using tomato on the skin is a painful way of treating the burn but is very effective. Use of almond milk is particularly soothing to children. Though, ice provides immediate relief but if once removed it creates discomfort. The pain from a sunburn is best treated with an analgesics such as ibuprofen. Care should be taken never to cover a sunburn that is blistered or open with any cream, gel or ointment.
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